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ABSTRACT
| Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Corchorus olitorius on Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Liver Damage in Adult Wistar Rat |
| Endurance O. Imafidon* and Chideibere T. Uwah |
| Background: Arsenic trioxide poses serious health risks by inducing oxidative stress in liver cells. Corchorus olitorius, a nutrient-rich medicinal plant known for its antioxidant and liver-protective properties, shows promise as a natural remedy against heavy metal toxicity and related liver diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous Corchorus olitorius extract on arsenic trioxide-induced liver damage in adult Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of five rats each: Group A: Control; Group B: 10 mg/kg As₂O₃ only; Group C: 250 mg/kg body weight of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract and 10 mg/kg As₂O₃; Group D: 500 mg/kg body weight of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract and 10 mg/kg As₂O₃; Group E: 250 mg/kg body weight of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract only; Group F: 500 mg/kg body weight of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract only. At the end of the administration period, the animals were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia. Samples were taken for liver function, oxidative stress, and histological assessments. Results: A significant decrease (p<0.05) in body weight was observed in arsenic trioxide-only treated rats. Additionally, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in ALP, AST, and ALT levels in these rats. Conversely, in arsenic trioxide-exposed rats pre-treated with Corchorus olitorius, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in body weight and a concomitant decrease in ALP, AST, and ALT levels. Oxidative stress markers showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in superoxide dismutase and catalase, and a corresponding significant increase (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde levels in arsenic trioxide-exposed rats. However, rats pre-treated with Corchorus olitorius exhibited a significant increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase, and a corresponding decrease in malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05). Histological assessment revealed zonal necrosis, vascular congestion, and periportal infiltration of inflammatory cells in arsenic trioxide-exposed rats. In contrast, significant histological improvements, evidenced by relatively normal liver histology, were observed in rats pre-treated with Corchorus olitorius. Conclusion: Corchorus olitorius leaf extract offers a protective effect against arsenic trioxide-induced liver damage in Wistar rats, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for mitigating arsenic toxicity. |
| 10.51658/ABMS.202441.7 |
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